To catch specific SQLExceptions using Microsoft.NET and Microsoft Sequel Server you can use the snippet below. You also need to look for the specific error numbers/codes you want to catch. To do this you can either execute the following query in the SQL Management Studio or you can use this
List of SQLException Numbers/Codes (Direct-DL around 15mb).

Samples

T-SQL Sample

SELECT * FROM master.dbo.sysmessages ORDER BY error ASC

C# Sample

private static void MySqlMethod()
{
	SqlConnectionStringBuilder builder = new SqlConnectionStringBuilder
	{
		DataSource = "localhost",
		InitialCatalog = "Northwind",
		IntegratedSecurity = true
	};

	try
	{
		using (SqlConnection connection = new SqlConnection(builder.ConnectionString))
		{
			connection.Open();
			using (SqlCommand command = connection.CreateCommand())
			{
				//inserting invalid sql (for example: column not exists)
				command.CommandText = "SELECT InvalidColumnName FROM Customers";
				command.ExecuteNonQuery();
			}
		}
	}
	catch (SqlException ex)
	{
		// Log the original exception here
		foreach (SqlError sqlError in ex.Errors)
		{
			switch (sqlError.Number)
			{
				case 207: // 207 = InvalidColumn
					//do your Stuff here
					break;
				case 547: // 547 = (Foreign) Key violation
					//do your Stuff here
					break;
				case 2601: // 2601 = (Primary) key violation
					//do your Stuff here
					break;
				default:
					//do your Stuff here
					break;
			}
		}
	}
}

VB.NET Sample

Private Sub MySqlMethod()
	Dim builder As New SqlConnectionStringBuilder() With { _
		.DataSource = "localhost", _
		.InitialCatalog = "Northwind", _
		.IntegratedSecurity = True _
	}

	Try
		Using connection As New SqlConnection(builder.ConnectionString)
			connection.Open()
			Using command As SqlCommand = connection.CreateCommand()
				'inserting invalid sql (for example: column not exists)
				command.CommandText = "SELECT InvalidColumnName FROM Customers"
				command.ExecuteNonQuery()
			End Using
		End Using
	Catch ex As SqlException
		' Log the original exception here
		For Each sqlError As SqlError In ex.Errors
			Select Case sqlError.Number
				Case 207
					' 207 = InvalidColumn
					'do your Stuff here
					Exit Select
				Case 547
					' 547 = (Foreign) Key violation
					'do your Stuff here
					Exit Select
				Case 2601
					' 2601 = (Primary) key violation
					'do your Stuff here
					Exit Select
				Case Else
					'do your Stuff here
					Exit Select
			End Select
		Next
	End Try
End Sub

Compatibility: .NET 2.0 .NET 3.0 .NET 3.5 .NET 4.0 .NET 4.5 .NET 4.6

If you have any questions or suggestions feel free to rate this snippet, post a comment or Contact Us via Email.

Related links:

• sys.messages (Transact-SQL)
• SqlException Class
• SqlError Class
• SqlError.Number Property
• SqlConnectionStringBuilder Class
• SqlConnection Class
• SqlCommand Class
• SqlCommand.ExecuteNonQuery Method ()